{"id":9654,"date":"2023-11-22T23:27:20","date_gmt":"2023-11-22T23:27:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/power2innovate.com\/nasa-uses-two-worlds-to-test-future-mars-helicopter-designs\/"},"modified":"2023-11-22T23:27:20","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T23:27:20","slug":"nasa-uses-two-worlds-to-test-future-mars-helicopter-designs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/power2innovate.com\/nasa-uses-two-worlds-to-test-future-mars-helicopter-designs\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA uses two worlds to test future Mars helicopter designs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> \n<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/nasa-uses-two-worlds-t.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/nasa-uses-two-worlds-t.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Mars Mound From Ingenuity Helicopter's Perspective in 3D: This 3D view of a rock mound called &quot;Faillefeu&quot; was created from data collected by NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter during its 13th flight at Mars on Sept. 4, 2021. Credits: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\">\n            <figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Mars Mound From Ingenuity Helicopter&#8217;s Perspective in 3D: This 3D view of a rock mound called &#8220;Faillefeu&#8221; was created from data collected by NASA&#8217;s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter during its 13th flight at Mars on Sept. 4, 2021. Credits: NASA\/JPL-Caltech<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>For the first time in history, two planets have been home to testing future aircraft designs. In this world, a new rotor that could be used with next-generation Mars helicopters was recently tested at NASA&#8217;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, spinning at near-supersonic speeds (0.95 Mach). Meanwhile, the agency&#8217;s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter has achieved new altitude and airspeed records on the Red Planet in the name of experimental flight testing.<\/p>\n<section class=\"article-banner first-banner ads-336x280\">\n         <!-- \/4988204\/Phys_Story_InText_Box --><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&#8220;Our next-generation Mars helicopter testing has literally had the best of both worlds,&#8221; said Teddy Tzanetos, Ingenuity&#8217;s project manager and manager for the Mars Sample Recovery Helicopters. &#8220;Here on Earth, you have all the instrumentation and hands-on immediacy you could hope for while testing new aircraft components. On Mars, you have the real off-world conditions you could never truly re-create here on Earth.&#8221; That includes a whisper-thin atmosphere and significantly less gravity than on Earth.\n<\/p>\n<p>The next-generation carbon fiber rotor blades being tested on Earth are almost 4 inches (more than 10 centimeters) longer than Ingenuity&#8217;s, with greater strength and a different design. NASA thinks these blades could enable bigger, more capable Mars helicopters. The challenge is that as the blade tips approach supersonic speeds, vibration-causing turbulence can quickly get out of hand.\n<\/p>\n<p>To find a space big enough to create a Martian atmosphere on Earth, engineers looked to JPL&#8217;s 25-foot wide, 85-foot-tall (8-meter-by-26-meter) space simulator\u2014a place where Surveyor, Voyager, and Cassini got their first taste of space-like environments. For three weeks in September, a team monitored sensors, meters, and cameras as the blades endured run after run at ever-higher speeds and greater pitch angles.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mb-4\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\">\n    <meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"NASA Uses Two Worlds to Test Future Mars Helicopter Designs\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch\/?v=zjt3DMNqtus\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"A dual rotor system for the next generation of Mars helicopters is tested in the 25-Foot Space Simulator at NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Sept.15. Longer and stronger than those used on the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter, the carbon-fiber blades reached near-supersonic speeds during testing. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2023-11-22T15:16:49-05:00\"\/><br \/>\n        <meta itemprop=\"embedUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zjt3DMNqtus\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/zjt3DMNqtus\/maxresdefault.jpg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\n             <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Testing Next-Generation Mars Helicopter Rotors\" width=\"618\" height=\"348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zjt3DMNqtus?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n         <\/p><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up mt-4\" itemprop=\"caption\">A dual rotor system for the next generation of Mars helicopters is tested in the 25-Foot Space Simulator at NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Sept.15. Longer and stronger than those used on the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter, the carbon-fiber blades reached near-supersonic speeds during testing. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We spun our blades up to 3,500 rpm, which is 750 revolutions per minute faster than the Ingenuity blades have gone,&#8221; said Tyler Del Sesto, Sample Recovery Helicopter deputy test conductor at JPL. &#8220;These more efficient blades are now more than a hypothetical exercise. They are ready to fly.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>At around the same time, and about 100 million miles (161 million kilometers) away, Ingenuity was being commanded to try things the Mars Helicopter team never imagined they would get to do.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Fourth rock flight testing<\/h2>\n<p>Ingenuity was originally slated to fly no more than five times. With its first flight entering the mission logbook more than two-and-a-half years ago, the helicopter has exceeded its planned 30-day mission by 32 times and has flown 66 times. Every time Ingenuity goes airborne, it covers new ground, offering a perspective no previous planetary mission could achieve. But lately, Team Ingenuity has been taking their solar-powered rotorcraft out for a spin like never before.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Over the past nine months, we have doubled our max airspeed and altitude, increased our rate of vertical and horizontal acceleration, and even learned to land slower,&#8221; said Travis Brown, Ingenuity&#8217;s chief engineer at JPL. &#8220;The envelope expansion provides invaluable data that can be used by mission designers for future Mars helicopters.&#8221;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mb-4\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\">\n    <meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"NASA Uses Two Worlds to Test Future Mars Helicopter Designs\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch\/?v=V5ac3jktME4\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"This video combines two perspectives of the 59th flight of NASA\u2019s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter. Video on the left was captured by the Mastcam-Z on NASA\u2019s Perseverance Mars rover; the black-and-white video on the right was taken by Ingenuity\u2019s downward-pointing Navcam. The flight occurred Sept 16. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASU\/MSSS\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2023-11-22T15:16:27-05:00\"\/><br \/>\n        <meta itemprop=\"embedUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/V5ac3jktME4\"\/><br \/>\n    <meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/V5ac3jktME4\/maxresdefault.jpg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\n             <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Two Views of a High-Altitude Flight for Ingenuity Mars Helicopter\" width=\"618\" height=\"348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/V5ac3jktME4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n         <\/p><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up mt-4\" itemprop=\"caption\">This video combines two perspectives of the 59th flight of NASA\u2019s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter. Video on the left was captured by the Mastcam-Z on NASA\u2019s Perseverance Mars rover; the black-and-white video on the right was taken by Ingenuity\u2019s downward-pointing Navcam. The flight occurred Sept 16. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASU\/MSSS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>Limited by available energy and motor-temperature considerations, Ingenuity flights usually last around two to three minutes. Although the helicopter can cover more ground in a single flight by flying faster, flying too fast can confuse the onboard navigation system. The system uses a camera that recognizes rocks and other surface features as they move through its field of view. If those features whiz by too fast, the system can lose its way.\n<\/p>\n<p>So, to achieve a higher maximum ground speed, the team sends commands for Ingenuity to fly at higher altitudes (instructions are sent to the helicopter before each flight), which keeps features in view longer. Flight 61 established a new altitude record of 78.7 feet (24 meters) as it checked out Martian wind patterns. With Flight 62, Ingenuity set a speed record of 22.3 mph (10 meters per second)\u2014and scouted a location for the Perseverance rover&#8217;s science team.\n<\/p>\n<p>The team has also been experimenting with Ingenuity&#8217;s landing speed. The helicopter was designed to contact the surface at a relatively brisk 2.2 mph (1 mps) so its onboard sensors could easily confirm touchdown and shut down the rotors before it could bounce back into the air.\n<\/p>\n<p>A helicopter that lands more slowly could be designed with lighter landing gear. So, on Flights 57, 58, and 59 they gave it a whirl, demonstrating that Ingenuity could land at speeds 25% slower than those at which it was originally designed to land.\n<\/p>\n<p>All this Martian Chuck Yeager-ing is not over. In December, after solar conjunction, Ingenuity is expected to perform two high-speed flights, during which it will execute a special set of pitch-and-roll angles designed to measure its performance.\n<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The data will be extremely useful in fine-tuning our aero-mechanical models of how rotorcraft behave on Mars,&#8221; said Brown. &#8220;On Earth, such testing is usually performed in the first few flights. But that&#8217;s not where we&#8217;re flying. You have to be a little more careful when you&#8217;re operating that far away from the nearest repair shop, because you don&#8217;t get any do-overs.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNASA uses two worlds to test future Mars helicopter designs (2023, November 22)<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tretrieved 22 November 2023<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfrom\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mars Mound From Ingenuity Helicopter&#8217;s Perspective in 3D: This 3D view of a rock mound called &#8220;Faillefeu&#8221; was created from data collected by NASA&#8217;s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter during its 13th flight at Mars on Sept. 4, 2021. Credits: NASA\/JPL-Caltech For the first time in history, two planets have been home to testing future aircraft designs. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>NASA uses two worlds to test future Mars helicopter designs - Innovation Discoveries<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/power2innovate.com\/nasa-uses-two-worlds-to-test-future-mars-helicopter-designs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NASA uses two worlds to test future Mars helicopter designs - Innovation Discoveries\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mars Mound From Ingenuity Helicopter&#8217;s Perspective in 3D: This 3D view of a rock mound called &#8220;Faillefeu&#8221; was created from data collected by NASA&#8217;s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter during its 13th flight at Mars on Sept. 4, 2021. 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was created from data collected by NASA&#8217;s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter during its 13th flight at Mars on Sept. 4, 2021. 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